Photodisruption
Photodisruption is a form of minimally invasive surgery used in ophthalmology, utilizing infrared Nd:YAG lasers to form plasma, which then causes acoustic shock waves which then in turn affects tissue.
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The tissue ruptures as a result of the vapor bubble produced by the laser at temperatures between 100 and 305 °C.
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The tissue ruptures as a result of the vapor bubble produced by the laser; the temperature required to produce this effect is between 100 and 305 °C.
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A companion HeNe laser is typically used because the infrared laser is invisible to the surgeon's eye.
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Because the infrared laser is invisible to the surgeon's eye, typically a companion HeNe laser is used in conjunction.
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Chromatic aberration occurs because the eye lens acts as a prism, bending infrared light at a shallower angle than red light.
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the eye lens acts as a prism, so the infrared light bends at a shallower angle than the red light, causing chromatic aberration
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The first successful use of photodisruption was in 1972 on a case of trabecular meshwork.
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The first successful use of photodisruption was in 1972, on a case of trabecular meshwork .
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It came to wide use in the early 1980s for the treatment of extracapsular cataract extraction.
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Photodisruption came to wide use in the early 1980s for the treatment of extracapsular cataract extraction.
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Most commonly used for lithotripsy of urinary calculi.
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The technique is most commonly used for lithotripsy of urinary calculi
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Used for the treatment of posterior capsulotomy of the lens.
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the treatment of posterior capsulotomy of the lens.
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In corneal surgery, it is used on the lamellae of the corneal stroma, leaving the epithelium and Bowman's layer unharmed.
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picosecond and nanosecond disruptors are used on the lamellae of the corneal stroma , and the method may be preferable as it leaves the epithelium and Bowman's layer unharmed.
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The area highlighted by the HeNe laser is not precisely the area being affected by the Nd:YAG laser due to chromatic aberration.
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the area highlighted by the HeNe laser is not precisely the area being affected Nd:YAG laser
| Photodisruption | |
|---|---|
| Specialty | Ophthalmology |
Photodisruption is a form of minimally invasive surgery used in ophthalmology, utilizing infrared Nd:YAG lasers to form plasma ("lightning bolt"), which then causes acoustic shock waves ("thunderclap") which then in turn affects tissue.[1][2][3] The tissue ruptures as a result of the vapor bubble produced by the laser; the temperature required to produce this effect is between 100 and 305 °C.[4]
Because the infrared laser is invisible to the surgeon's eye, typically a companion HeNe laser is used in conjunction. However, the eye lens acts as a prism, so the infrared light bends at a shallower angle than the red light, causing chromatic aberration. This means the area highlighted by the HeNe laser is not precisely the area being affected Nd:YAG laser, and therefore some surgical lasers have an added adjustment to compensate.[2]
The first successful use of photodisruption was in 1972, on a case of trabecular meshwork.[1] Photodisruption came to wide use in the early 1980s for the treatment of extracapsular cataract extraction.[1] The technique is most commonly used for lithotripsy of urinary calculi and the treatment of posterior capsulotomy of the lens.[3] When used in corneal surgery, picosecond and nanosecond disruptors are used on the lamellae of the corneal stroma, and the method may be preferable as it leaves the epithelium and Bowman's layer unharmed. This modifies the outer corneal curvature, which affects the refractive property of the eye.[5]
- 1 2 3 Fankhauser, Franz; Kwasniewska, Sylwia (2003). Lasers in Ophthalmology: Basic, Diagnostic, and Surgical Aspects : a Review. Kugler Publications. p. 304. ISBN 9789062991891.
- 1 2 Yanoff, Myron; Duker, Jay S.; Augsburger, James J. (2009). Ophthalmology. Elsevier Health Sciences. pp. 44–45. ISBN 9780323043328.
- 1 2 Niemz, Markolf H. (2007). Laser-Tissue Interactions: Fundamentals and Applications. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 126. ISBN 9783540721918.
- ↑ Palanker, Daniel; Blumenkranz, Mark; Weiter, John (2006). "Retinal Laser Therapy: Biophysical Basis and Applications". Retina (4 ed.). Elsevier Mosby. p. 549.
- ↑ Waynant, Ronald W. (2001). Lasers in Medicine. CRC Press. p. 233. ISBN 9781420040746.