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Panophthalmitis

AI overview

Panophthalmitis is the inflammation of all parts of the eye and the area around the eye in the eye socket.

Key points
  • It can also be caused by ocular melanoma.
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    It can also be caused by ocular melanoma.
  • Infections in other parts of the body, such as intra-abdominal infections or pneumonia, can spread to the eyes and cause it.
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    Panopthalmitis can also occur when infection in another part of the body spreads to the eyes, such as intra-abdominal infections or abscesses, pneumonia, endocarditis , or fungal infection.
  • Endophthalmitis can progress to form panophthalmitis.
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    Endophthalmitis can progress to form panophthalmitis.
Symptoms
  • Inflammation of all parts of the eye and the area around the eye in the eye socket.
    source quote
    Panophthalmitis is the inflammation of all parts of the eye and the area around the eye in the eye socket .
Treatment
  • Antibiotics and steroids injected into the eyeball and surrounding tissues can effectively prevent the need for eye removal.
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    antibiotics and steroids injected into the eyeball and tissues surrounding the eye effectively prevented the need to remove the eye.
  • Immediate treatment of endophthalmitis is required to prevent progression to panophthalmitis.
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    Immediate treatment of endophthalmitis is needed, as delays in treatment may progress to panophthalmitis.
Red flags
  • Sympathetic ophthalmia is a potential complication where inflammation occurs in both eyes, potentially leading to blindness.
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    A potential complication of panophthalmitis is sympathetic ophthalmia in which inflammation occurs in both eyes, including the unaffected eye, which may lead to blindness.
Prognosis

A potential complication is sympathetic ophthalmia, which may lead to blindness.

AI-synthesized from the Wikipedia article “Panophthalmitis”. Not medical advice. Verify source →
Panophthalmitis
SpecialtyOphthalmology 
ComplicationsBlindness, Sympathetic ophthalmia

Panophthalmitis is the inflammation of all parts of the eye and the area around the eye in the eye socket.[1] It can be caused by infection, particularly from Pseudomonas species, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella species,[2] Clostridium species,[3] Whipple's disease,[4] and also fungi.[5][6][7] It can also be caused by ocular melanoma.[8]

Panopthalmitis can also occur when infection in another part of the body spreads to the eyes, such as intra-abdominal infections or abscesses, pneumonia, endocarditis, or fungal infection.[2] Endophthalmitis can progress to form panophthalmitis. Immediate treatment of endophthalmitis is needed, as delays in treatment may progress to panophthalmitis.[2]

A limited case series of 18 patients with panophthalmitis showed that antibiotics and steroids injected into the eyeball and tissues surrounding the eye effectively prevented the need to remove the eye.[2]

A potential complication of panophthalmitis is sympathetic ophthalmia in which inflammation occurs in both eyes, including the unaffected eye, which may lead to blindness.[2]

  1. ↑ Backman S.; et al. (1990). "Progressive panophthalmitis in chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Walbaum): a case report". Journal of Fish Diseases. 13 (5): 345–353. Bibcode:1990JFDis..13..345B. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2761.1990.tb00793.x.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 Chen, KJ; Chen, YP; Chao, AN; Wang, NK; Wu, WC; Lai, CC; Chen, TL (2017). "Prevention of Evisceration or Enucleation in Endogenous Bacterial Panophthalmitis with No Light Perception and Scleral Abscess". PLOS ONE. 12 (1) e0169603. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0169603. PMC 5215906. PMID 28056067.
  3. ↑ Green, Mary T.; Font, Ramon L.; Campbell, James V.; Marines, Hector M. (1987). "Endogenous Clostridium Panophthalmitis". Ophthalmology. 94 (4): 435–438. doi:10.1016/S0161-6420(87)33433-5. ISSN 0161-6420. PMID 3587922.
  4. ↑ Drancourt, Michel; Fenollar, Florence; Denis, Danièle; Raoult, Didier (2009). "Postoperative Panophthalmitis Caused by Whipple Disease". Emerging Infectious Diseases. 15 (5): 825–827. doi:10.3201/eid1505.081209. ISSN 1080-6040. PMC 2687007. PMID 19402983.
  5. ↑ Endophthalmitis at eMedicine
  6. ↑ Maccheron, Luke J.; Groeneveld, Erwin R.; Ohlrich, Stephen J.; Hilford, David J.; Beckingsale, Peter S. (2004). "Orbital cellulitis, panophthalmitis, and ecthyma gangrenosum in an immunocompromised host with pseudomonas septicemia". American Journal of Ophthalmology. 137 (1): 176–178. doi:10.1016/S0002-9394(03)00721-9. ISSN 0002-9394. PMID 14700664.
  7. ↑ Bodey, G. P.; Bolivar, R.; Fainstein, V.; Jadeja, L. (1983). "Infections Caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa". Clinical Infectious Diseases. 5 (2): 279–313. doi:10.1093/clinids/5.2.279. ISSN 1058-4838. PMID 6405475.
  8. ↑ Fraser, Douglas J. (1979). "Ocular Inflammation and Hemorrhage as Initial Manifestations of Uveal Malignant Melanoma". Archives of Ophthalmology. 97 (7): 1311–4. doi:10.1001/archopht.1979.01020020053012. ISSN 0003-9950. PMID 313204.