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Corneal ectatic disorders

AI overview

Corneal ectatic disorders are a group of uncommon, noninflammatory, eye disorders characterised by bilateral thinning of the central, paracentral, or peripheral cornea.

Key points
  • These are uncommon, noninflammatory eye disorders
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    a group of uncommon, noninflammatory, eye disorders
  • Characterized by bilateral thinning of the cornea
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    characterised by bilateral thinning of the central, paracentral, or peripheral cornea
  • Multiple types exist including keratoconus, keratoglobus, and pellucid marginal degeneration
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    Keratoconus , a progressive, noninflammatory, bilateral, asymmetric disease
  • Post-LASIK ectasia is a complication of LASIK eye surgery
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    Post-LASIK ectasia , a complication of LASIK eye surgery
Symptoms
  • Keratoconus leads to corneal surface distortion
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    leads to corneal surface distortion
  • Irregular corneal surface causes refractive errors
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    refractive errors caused by irregular corneal surface
  • Keratoglobus involves globular protrusion of the cornea
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    generalised thinning and globular protrusion of the cornea
Diagnosis
  • Usually diagnosed clinically by several clinical tests
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    Usually diagnosed clinically by several clinical tests
  • Corneal topography is used as a diagnostic tool
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    Corneal topography
  • Corneal tomography is used as a diagnostic tool
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    Corneal tomography
Treatment
  • Contact lenses and intrastromal corneal ring segments correct refractive errors
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    contact lenses and intrastromal corneal ring segments for correcting refractive errors caused by irregular corneal surface
  • Corneal collagen cross-linking strengthens a weak and ectatic cornea
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    corneal collagen cross-linking to strengthen a weak and ectatic cornea
  • Corneal transplant is used for advanced cases
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    corneal transplant for advanced cases
AI-synthesized from the Wikipedia article “Corneal ectatic disorders”. Not medical advice. Verify source →

Corneal ectatic disorders or corneal ectasia are a group of uncommon, noninflammatory, eye disorders characterised by bilateral thinning of the central, paracentral, or peripheral cornea.[1]

  • Keratoconus, a progressive, noninflammatory, bilateral, asymmetric disease, characterized by paraxial stromal thinning and weakening that leads to corneal surface distortion.[2]
  • Keratoglobus, a rare noninflammatory corneal thinning disorder, characterised by generalised thinning and globular protrusion of the cornea.[3]
  • Pellucid marginal degeneration, a bilateral, noninflammatory disorder, characterized by a peripheral band of thinning of the inferior cornea.[4]
  • Posterior keratoconus, a rare condition, usually congenital, which causes a nonprogressive thinning of the inner surface of the cornea, while the curvature of the anterior surface remains normal. Usually only a single eye is affected.[citation needed]
  • Post-LASIK ectasia, a complication of LASIK eye surgery.[5]
  • Terrien's marginal degeneration, a painless, noninflammatory, unilateral or asymmetrically bilateral, slowly progressive thinning of the peripheral corneal stroma.[6]
==Signs and symptoms== == Diagnosis ==

Usually diagnosed clinically by several clinical tests. Although some investigations might needed for confirming the diagnosis and to differentiate different types of corneal ectatic diseases.[citation needed]

  • Corneal topography
  • Corneal tomography

Treatment options include contact lenses and intrastromal corneal ring segments for correcting refractive errors caused by irregular corneal surface,[7][8] corneal collagen cross-linking to strengthen a weak and ectatic cornea,[9] or corneal transplant for advanced cases.

  1. ↑ "Corneal ectatic disorders (keratoconus and pellucid marginal degeneration)". AAO ONE Network. American Academy of Ophthalmology.
  2. ↑ Weissman, Barry A; Yeung, Karen K (2019-05-30). "Keratoconus". Medscape.
  3. ↑ Wallang, B S; Das, S (28 June 2013). "Keratoglobus". Eye. 27 (9): 1004–1012. doi:10.1038/eye.2013.130. PMC 3772364. PMID 23807384.
  4. ↑ Rasheed, Karim; Rabinowitz, Yaron (2018-12-24). "Pellucid Marginal Degeneration". Medscape.
  5. ↑ "Ectasia After LASIK". American Academy of Ophthalmology.
  6. ↑ "Terrien marginal degeneration". American Academy of Ophthalmology.
  7. ↑ Marsack, Jason D.; Parker, Katrina E.; Applegate, Raymond A. (December 2008). "Performance of Wavefront-Guided Soft Lenses in Three Keratoconus Subjects". Optometry and Vision Science. 85 (12): E1172–E1178. doi:10.1097/OPX.0b013e31818e8eaa. PMC 2614306. PMID 19050464.
  8. ↑ Marsack, JD; Parker, KE; Niu, Y; Pesudovs, K; Applegate, RA (November 2007). "On-eye performance of custom wavefront-guided soft contact lenses in a habitual soft lens-wearing keratoconic patient". Journal of Refractive Surgery. 23 (9): 960–4. doi:10.3928/1081-597x-20071101-18. PMID 18041254.
  9. ↑ Avni-Zauberman, N; Rootman, DS (November 2014). "Cross-linking and intracorneal ring segments--review of the literature". Eye & Contact Lens. 40 (6): 365–70. doi:10.1097/icl.0000000000000091. PMID 25320956. S2CID 38858189.

* [http://eyewiki.org/Ectasia_Risk_in_Topography Ectasia risk, topography eyewiki]